Calluses are formed as a defense against excessive pressure and friction on an area of the foot. Dead skin cells accumulate and thicken over time forming a hard cover over the area. Though this is a method of the body protecting itself, it can do harm by causing pain or pressure. Common causes of calluses are: high-heeled shoes, tight shoes, obesity, irregular walking motions, flat feet, and high arches.[1]
See your foot doctor for special orthotics that will equally redistribute weight and move pressure away from the effected areas. Home remedies for calluses are as easy as soaking your feet and using a pumice stone to reduce the size of the callus.
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Dr. Kim
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[1]http://www.adcshoes.com/content/calluses